講座題目：Incorporating Relevance Theory with Spreading Activation Theory（關(guān)聯(lián)理論與擴(kuò)散激活理論相結(jié)合）
報(bào)告人：北京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語學(xué)院林允清教授
講座時(shí)間：2013年11月13日 13:30 pm
講座地點(diǎn)：外國(guó)語學(xué)院一樓報(bào)告廳
摘要： Relevance Theory (RT) divides the meaning of a sentence into explicatures and implicatures. It proposes a Relevance-theoretic Comprehension Process to calculate them: follow the path of least processing effort to find a hypothesis, if it meets the expected level of relevance then stop. But a main problem with RT is how least effort is computed. It would not do if the brain had to compute the processing efforts of all the possible hypotheses serially and choose the one with the smallest value, for that would take too much time. Therefore, the processing efforts of hypotheses must be calculated in parallel. But how could such a parallel calculation be achieved? RT does not give an explicit answer to this.
Spreading Activation Theory (SAT) is a theory in psychology, it describes how the brain functions in general. The brain is seen as a huge network of nodes, activation is spread parallel in the brain and a node is activated if its activation value exceeds the threshold. SAT thus is a natural option for explaining the least processing effort problem in RT. In fact, Recanati proposes to account for explicatures in terms of activation. Mazzone submits that both explicatures and implicatures be explained using activation.
Relevance theorists have been arguing against the idea of using SAT to explain linguistic relevance. In this talk, I shall review their criticisms, and shall explore a way of meeting the criticisms, using SAT to explain the problem of linguistics relevance.
林允清，教授，博士生導(dǎo)師。1985年于中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)自動(dòng)化系畢業(yè)后長(zhǎng)期留學(xué)英國(guó)。在Essex大學(xué)計(jì)算機(jī)系師從邏輯學(xué)家Raymond Turner教授進(jìn)行語言與思維推理研究，獲計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)（人工智能）碩士及博士。之后在Cardiff大學(xué)（1990-1996）與系統(tǒng)功能語法學(xué)家Robin Fawcett教授合作進(jìn)行計(jì)算語言學(xué)研究，用系統(tǒng)功能語法進(jìn)行語句生成和建造智能對(duì)話系統(tǒng)。其間對(duì)語言學(xué)理論產(chǎn)生濃厚興趣，遂于1996年入牛津大學(xué)語言學(xué)家及哲學(xué)家James Higginbotham教授門下專攻Noam Chomsky的語法學(xué)、Donald Davidson的語義學(xué)以及他們理論的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)；同時(shí)得到了哲學(xué)大師Peter F. Strawson爵士的指導(dǎo)并與之經(jīng)常探討語言哲學(xué)問題。獲牛津大學(xué)語言學(xué)碩士及博士。后任教于倫敦大學(xué)（2000-2004），獲得永久教職。2004年夏受聘于北京師范大學(xué)外國(guó)語言文學(xué)學(xué)院，任語言學(xué)教授；同年被評(píng)為博士生導(dǎo)師，并入選教育部《新世紀(jì)優(yōu)秀人才支持計(jì)劃》。2010年6月作為“杰出人文教授”調(diào)入北京航空航天大學(xué)外國(guó)語學(xué)院工作。2011年出任新建的語言科學(xué)與工程系的系主任。
學(xué)術(shù)任職：全國(guó)中西語言哲學(xué)研究會(huì)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)（2007–現(xiàn)在）；全國(guó)功能語言學(xué)研究會(huì)常務(wù)理事（2006–現(xiàn)在）；中國(guó)語言教育研究會(huì)常務(wù)理事（2010-現(xiàn)在）
研究興趣：理論語言學(xué)（語法、語義、語用、認(rèn)知）、語言哲學(xué)
